An Illustrated History of Old Sutton in St.Helens

Part 15 (of 58) -  Bold colliery (1881 - 1986)

Researched & Written by Stephen Wainwright  ©MMXI   Contact Me    Bookmark and Share
Bold Colliery Photo Album     Header image: An undated photograph of Bold colliery
Bold Colliery  was a major pit within the South Lancashire Coalfield, extracting high quality coal for over 100 years. The cost of coal has historically included loss of much human life and 70 men and boys died at Bold during this period. This page will document as many fatalities as possible and will also discuss the fluctuating fortunes of the pit, with the loss-making colliery closing during the late 1930s for nearly four months. Bold bounced back under new owners and after nationalisation was reorganised and modernised. In an article in 1965, the Times reported that it was being showcased as the most advanced mine in the country. It took the impact of the 1984 strike to bring Bold's long mining history to a close.

Bold Colliery, St.Helens
Bold colliery from Frank Bamber's recollections 'Round About The Pits' contributed by Sutton Historic Society

The pit was located off Bold Lane and the sinking of its shafts first began during the early 1870s. Sinking a new mine was a perilous business and one mistake could prove fatal. Charles Jones, aged 23 years, was the first man officially recorded killed on the site when, in January 1875, he was struck on the head by a winch handle. In June 1875, a second fatal sinking accident occurred when 20-years-old engineman John Ryan fell nearly 200 feet down the pit after repairing a pumping engine.

By 1875, no.1 shaft with a diameter of 12 feet had been sunk to 607 yards and no.2 shaft with a diameter of 16ft 6 inches had been sunk 200 yards. Later that year after £57,000 had been spent, operations were abandoned due to flooding. However, in 1878 the
Collins Green Colliery Company bought the plant and extended the no.2 shaft to match no.1's depth of 607 yards.

Bold Colliery miner c1900
On January 23rd, 1886, 18-years-old William Yates was killed when installing a heavy bar. He was working with his father when a prop suddenly gave way and the bar struck him on his head. A few days later, 35-year-old Dominic Dalton died after entering a cage to remove loaded tubs. The engine accidentally lifted the cage eight feet and Dalton, the pit banksman who managed the colliery for the owners, leapt out but a tub of coal fell on top of him.

During May 1886, four men suffered serious injuries from an explosion while shaft sinking at Bold. The colliery manager
Andrew Jackson sent for Sutton GP Edward Casey, who had a surgery on the corner of Junction Lane and Peckers Hill Road. However, the men were employed by a contractor and not directly by the Collins Green Colliery Company. So when Dr. Casey sent his bill for £14 12 shillings to the company for treating the injured men, they refused to pay. Dr. Casey took legal action against the colliery company and on March 9th, 1887, at a second hearing in St.Helens County Court, the judge somewhat reluctantly found for the medic.

The price of digging coal out of the former Bold Hall estate continued to include loss of human life. On August 20th, 1887,
James Rigby, who lived at 76, Normans Road, Sutton, was crushed to death by the wagons that he was taking down the pit. Then on September 16th, 1887, 15-years-old pony driver Thomas Rigby lost his young life when loaded tubs ran over him. 1887 was an especially bad year for accidents at Bold. In November, 26-years-old collier John Williams died at home after rupturing his spleen in the pit putting a box back onto the rails. He hadn't bothered to report the accident to colliery officials or to G.P. Dr. Casey, whose first involvement in Williams' case was in undertaking his post-mortem.

Then on February 11th, 1888, 45-year-old blacksmith
William Storey was helping to install a new cage when he fell down the pit and was instantly killed. During the afternoon of Thursday 16th October, 1890, 36-year-old Robert Lewis of 414 Watery Lane, Sutton was crushed by a stone that fell on his back from the pit roof. He was taken to his home and died at midnight. His inquest was held at the Vulcan Inn the following Monday where no blame was apportioned. Mr. Hall, the government inspector, had found the place where the accident happened had been well timbered with props. This wasn't always the case with insufficient supports costing the lives of a number of men at Bold and at 8pm on November 10th, 1890, 33-years-old tunneller Hugh Jones was instantly killed by a roof fall and another man severely injured.

Bold Colliery
Bold colliery which had its first shafts sunk in the 1870s and closed in 1986 - contributed by Sutton Historic Society


In 1890, the sinking of shaft no.3 began and this was completed to a depth of 617 yards by 1892. By that year, the height of the headgears for all three shafts was recorded as being 60 feet and it was also stated that the Collins Green Colliery Company had constructed 100 workers' cottages at Burtonwood with 54 more being built. A social club had also been established which had 100 members of which "Every endeavour is made to provide means of recreation and to give interest and employment to the mind"- (Colliery Guardian 23/12/1892 - Colliery Scrap Book 1 'Accidents and Incidents in St.Helens Collieries' by Ian Winstanley)

Health and safety during the nineteenth century was, of course, nowhere near as strict as today. However, there were certain rules that had to obeyed and drinking in the mine was taboo. In April 1891, Richard Houghton, John Riley and a man called Tickle were each fined between five and 40 shillings for drinking in the engine house at Bold colliery.


Andrew Jackson, Manager Bold Colliery
Two pictures of Andrew Jackson who was an early manager of Bold Colliery - contributed by Martin Heys


Not every death at mines was inside the pit itself, with a number of men killed on the railways that served them. At 7pm on the evening of Saturday 10th October, 1891, 31-years-old surface labourer
James Spencer of 45 Peckers Hill Road, Sutton lost his life. He was crushed to death between the buffers of two wagons in the sidings of Bold colliery whilst unloading bricks. Six days later James France also lost his life while unloading bricks from railway wagons in a colliery siding. On the 25th September, 1892, 56-years-old Peter Woods received internal injuries while cutting a sleeper and later died.

The number of boys who sacrificed their lives at Bold colliery was especially tragic. On January 9th 1893, 15-years-old
Edward Parry became the second youngster to be killed at Bold colliery. He was the son of collier William Parry of 5 Rolling Mill Lane, Sutton and they were working together in the Florida Mine when a large stone detached itself from the roof and struck Edward. A similar tragedy occurred on November 23rd 1894 when 43-years-old packer John Griffith was crushed by a stone from the roof.

Reports of Bold Colliery deaths
Being struck on the head was a common way to lose your life within Bold colliery. 24-years-old labourer William Kerrigan of Junction Lane died that way on February 6th 1895 and 28-years-old day wageman John Hughes was killed at 4 am on April 13th 1895 when an iron bolt fell from the surface and struck him down.

On September 2nd, 1895, 36-years-old
Thomas Burke (one report called him Murphy) and 43-years-old William Hughes, who lodged together at 21, Rolling Mill Lane, were crushed to death by a "tremendous quantity of stones and dirt" which had come adrift from the pit roof of the Florida Mine. The Liverpool Mercury's report of the 3rd September said that Burke's body had been "early extricated, but the unfortunate man had been terribly crushed, and life was extinct."

It took two hours to dig out Hughes's body as the fall of stones had been so great. The two friends had only started working at Bold some three or four days earlier and at their inquest, the jury and coroner called for a legal requirement for officials to visit work persons more than once during each shift. Coroner Sam Brighouse pointed out the large number of fatalities through roof falls and how the law only required employers to make timber available to the miners so they could prop up roofs. The obligation was on the worker to keep himself safe and not the employer.

Three months later on December 6th, 28-years-old William Jones of 13 Junction Lane was killed by another roof fall while creating a roadway down the mine. Then on May 27th 1896, John Smallshaw, the 48-years-old surface manager at Bold colliery, died in St.Helens Hospital from injuries sustained nine days earlier. Smallshaw, who lived at Bold Villas at St.Helens Junction, had been inspecting a new engine house when he missed his foothold and fell eighteen feet. He landed on his head and also damaged his spine. On January 3rd 1896, 40-years-old day wageman John Jones was crushed to death by a roof fall and on May 1st of that year, 50-years-old engine wright John Smallshaw was fatally injured after he'd fallen while working on a new fan house.

By now the Collins Green Colliery Company were taking a more proactive approach to health and safety and on March 9th, 1897 it took three of its own workers to court for separate breaches of its rules. Shot lighter
William Cartledge of Mansfield Street, Sutton, was summoned for not putting up a danger board and fencing off an area. This was after a 'shot' - an electrically-triggered high explosive - had misfired on January 12th. For that he was fined £2 in the St.Helens Police Court. Some time later an accident occurred when Robert Jones attempted to unram the misfired shot and he was very badly injured. Despite his injuries, Jones was prosecuted as a warning to others and fined £1. Robert Hughes of Watery Lane was also summoned for having matches down Bold Colliery and he was fined £1.

Pasted Graphic 3
On June 27th 1898, fifteen men were seriously injured when the cage in no.3 pit crashed into a wooden platform at the bottom of the shaft. The engine seemingly developed a fault and began operating at full speed which led to the ascending cage getting stuck in the headgear. On July 20th, collier Edward Hewitt had his right arm amputated after an accident with a box. When he later made a claim under the Workman's Compensation Act, the Collins Green Colliery Co. took out a summons against him that alleged he'd breached regulations.

On November 2nd, 1898, collier 48-years-old
Samuel Jones of Penny Lane, Collins Green was killed in no.3 pit of Bold colliery by a stone of more than two tons that fell from the roof.

On February 20th, 1899 there was a dreadful accident in which 16-years-old
James Thompson, 27-years-old William Donnellan and 23-years-old Philip Foggerty all lost their lives and two men were injured. The tragedy was caused by a couple of wagons that broke loose from the endless rope haulage which then triggered a roof fall. Although help was quickly at hand, it took over an hour to extricate the three men who were all found to be dead. Their bodies were removed to the Clock Face Inn where an adjourned inquest was held. It continued in Farnsworth, where Mr. Hall, the government inspector commented that generally he did not feel that the colliery owners maintained a high standard of safety.

Bold Colliery
Close up of the headgear - contributed by Sutton Historic Society - from Frank Bamber's 'Round About The Pits'

On Sunday May 7th, 1899, 20-years-old Henry Rigby of 102, Normans Road, Sutton told his father John that he didn't want to go to work as he feared falling down the new shaft. On Monday the pumpman did exactly that, plummeting 75 feet into 12 feet of water and was dead when removed. He had been expected to work on a platform measuring 7 feet by 2 feet 6 inches with no safety fencing. At Rigby's inquest on the 12th, Mr. Matthews, the government inspector, recommended that a fence should be put around the platform, which was a bit too late for Henry Rigby.

On March, 21st, 1901, 21-years-old labourer
William Blackmore fell down the shaft at midnight when putting a water tank into the cage. Then on February 10th, 1902, 45-years-old John McGrath was crushed to death. On September 30th, 1902, 33-years-old collier Joseph Jones was killed coming up the endless rope haulage and was found between a bar.

On January 20th, 1903 in the no.3 pit, 26-years-old collier
Charles Doherty was fatally injured when he was crushed against a wall. Two months later on March 19th, 31-years-old Joseph Horsley was killed when he was struck by a haulage rope after three tubs fell out of the cage and struck the rope. A fortnight later on April 4th, 24-years-old Robert Williams lost his life in no.2 pit when a stone fell on him. Then on June 14th 1904, 26-years-old sinker Philip Lennon was fatally injured and on September 23rd an overturned tub killed 15-years-old pony driver James Jones of Frederick Street, Sutton.

Plaque at bold Colliery
By January 1905, the no.1 shaft had been deepened to 700 yards, an operation that involved seventy sinkers and on the 14th a celebration was held at the Pear Tree in Collins Green. Manager Mr. Southern praised the men for experiencing no more than slight accidents during the dangerous shaft extension. It was ironic that just 36 hours later, four boys and one man were killed and eighteen others were injured in the worst accident at Bold colliery. The cage in no.3 shaft, which carried eighteen males on two decks, was overwound by engine winder James Fowler who was coming to the end of a thirteen hour shift. Instead of stopping, the cage sped down the shaft until it struck a platform that had been used in the recent sinking operations. It was fortuitous that it had been left there, as otherwise the cage occupants would have gone straight into 30 feet of water and all eighteen would have drowned.

The ascending cage went up into the headgear and the top of the engine house was demolished. Sutton's medical men, Dr. Bates and Dr. Casey plus Dr. Jackson and Dr. Tough arrived at Bold colliery as the fourteen injured men were brought to the surface. Nine were seriously hurt and they were taken by colliery ambulance and Dr. Bates’s car to St. Helens Cottage Hospital. The dead were
John McHenry, Thomas Rothwell and John Caveney who were just 14-years-old, plus 15-years-old Evan Davies and 24-years-old John Swift. The inquest was held first at the Clock Face Inn before continuing at St.Helens Town Hall where no blame was attached to the unfortunate winder. Within a few weeks of the tragedy, two more youngsters died at Bold colliery. 16-years-old James Smart and 17-years-old James Monoghan, both haulage hands, were killed on February 20th in no.3 pit by a large roof fall. Then on April 17th, 1905, 57-years-old collier Richard Dixon suffered internal injuries in no.3 pit. He was injured by falling against the tub that he was pushing and he died three days later. On October 10th, 1905, 52-years-old collier William Taylor died at no.2 pit when a stone from the roof fell on him.

On January 31st, 1906, 42-years-old packer
James Rigby died in St. Helens hospital of blood poisoning after injuring his thumb two weeks earlier lifting a stone. Nine days later, 59-years-old collier Thomas Whalley was killed at the no.3 pit after a roof fall. In November 1906, John Carter of Morris Street in Sutton died in hospital after being struck by a box that had gone off the rails. However, it was revealed at his inquest that he had an underlying medical condition, although his injuries accelerated his demise. On March 14th, 1907, labourer, George Sharps, of 108, Herbert Street, Sutton, was run over by a locomotive. Six weeks later on April 26th in no.2 pit, 44-years-old collier David Leyland caught his knee with a pick. Blood poisoning set in but he continued working until May 7th and died a few days later.

On September 5th, 1907, 23-years-old drawer Joseph Fairhurst was fatally injured after being crushed in the no. 1 pit. Then on December 15th, 1907, 63-years-old Peter Ellison died in St.Helens Hospital from injuries received after being struck by a large stone. Yet another roof fall occurred on January 27th, 1908 after an explosive 'shot' had been fired and 30-years-old contractor Patrick Regan was killed.

Tough miners would often continue to work after injuring themselves which sometimes cost them their lives. 35-years-old collier
William Saxon slipped down a landing in the no.2 pit on May 18th, 1910 and injured himself. He complained of pain in his leg and groin but carried on working until November when he died from a malignant tumour in the hip joint.

On December 30th, 1910,
John Kearney aged 29-years-old died after an accident on November 19th when going to pull up a sleeper to lay rails in a roadway. On January 10th, 1914, 20-years-old haulage hand John Garner was killed after being buried under a stone after a shot firer had neglected to check that the area was clear. Then on March 30th of that year, Robert Lee was fatally injured by a roof fall.


Robert one of three locos at Bold Colliery
'Robert' one of three locos - contributed by Sutton Historic Society - from Frank Bamber's 'Round About The Pits'


On June 27th, 1912, Samuel Copeland a 16-years-old haulage hand was killed in the no.1 pit when 10 tons of metal fell on him. 70-years-old brow hand Louis Helsby was killed on March 20th, 1913 (possibly 1923) when he fell twenty-two feet as he attempted to lift a tub. John Mather, an 18-years-old haulage hand, was crushed to death against the roof on May 10th, 1913 and 50-years-old George Green was fatally crushed by a roof fall on August 26th, 1914.

Robert Leigh aged 30-years-old was also fatally injured by a roof fall on March 30th, 1914. Then on December 16th, 1916, 16-years-old Fred Hilton was crushed between boxes of coal. However, he failed to report the accident and went home telling his parents that his legs hurt. He didn't seek medical attention until two days later and died in hospital from blood poisoning.

Mary Worthington and Martha Prescott
The word 'crushed' is synonymous with the perils of mining and 22-years-old Edward Roughley fractured his spine after a fall of stone on January 16th, 1920, dying four days later in hospital. He had served in the St.Helens 'Pals' from 1915 to February 1919 only receiving a slight arm wound. It took a return to mining at Bold, just six months before the accident, to see him off. From about 1920 until 1940, a narrow gauge railway was introduced that connected Bold colliery with Sutton. This enabled day shift workers to be ferried to work and night workers to be returned home. Between 5.30am and 6.45am six days a week, a petrol driven Lister engine pushed ten carriages to Helena Road in Sutton and pulled them back to Bold.

On February 17th 1921, fireman
Henry Worthington and John Prescott died at Bold as a result of yet another roof fall. 52-years-old Henry lived at 7 Garnet Street in Sutton with wife Mary and family. The cold statistics of mining accidents belie the family tragedies which had enormous personal as well as financial consequences for the widows and children. This photograph was taken at the rear of 7 Garnet Street in happier times, with Mary Worthington standing at the rear by daughter Martha Prescott and her grandchildren.

It was reported in a Mine Inspector’s Report of 1923 that three persons met their deaths at Bold while riding on tubs although no details are known. On June 5th, 1924, 60-years-old
Ralph Thompson was killed by a roof fall that weighed about two tons and on September 27th, 1924, Joseph Morris aged 50 years was killed by runaway boxes. Also in 1924, engineer John Webster went down the mine to remedy a problem but failed to allow his eyes to adjust to the dark and consequently walked into the spokes of return pulleys and was killed. Surprisingly, the job of notifying relatives that a mineworker had met with a serious accident was not undertaken by senior management or by a police officer but by a boy apprentice. Frank Bamber was employed at Bold colliery from 1924 to 1942, initially as an apprentice joiner, and for three years was given that unpleasant task to undertake:
Pasted Graphic 1  Between the ages of 14 to 17, the time of my apprenticeship, the Assistant Engineer would come into the shop from time to time and tell me that “so and so” had met with a serious accident, and had been stretchered off in the ambulance to the hospital. I was asked to get on my bike and let the relatives of the injured or deceased man know. I was given the address if I said I did not know where they lived. I always knocked on the door and told them that their relative had met with an accident and would they go to the hospital as soon as they could, as it was urgent. I never mentioned it if the person had already died.  Pasted Graphic 3
Up until the 1920s, coal was extracted through colliers' muscles wielding picks and shovels. However, the installation of air compressors at Bold enabled mechanical coal cutters to do the back-breaking work, with thousands of yards of steel pipes connecting the compressors on the surface with the coal faces.

Facilities for the workers at Bold colliery at this time were very basic as Frank Bamber recollected in his book 'Round About The Pits' :
Pasted Graphic 1  There was no canteen provided for the workers, either below ground or on the surface. Also, there were no toilets provided for men. There was an old type of small, brick toilet built a good distance away from the pit brow, in a secluded spot for the women and girls. Hand washing facilities consisted of an iron bucket filled with hot water which came down from the boilers and was discharged into the reservoir. This was brought to the shop by me or the youngest apprentice. Everybody used the same bucket, and hands were dried with cotton waste. Soap was the semi-liquid type you could get from the stores by taking a tin. So, conditions were no better than camping out in the woods....The only privacy the male workers had for toilet use was an avenue of trees, which led from Bold Road - probably the old entrance to the farm which preceded the colliery. Alternatively, they could make their way under the wagons in the sidings.  Pasted Graphic 3
Carl Schofield winner of the Edward Medal and George Cross
The three seams at Bold colliery at this time were known as Crombouke, Higher Florida and Lower Florida. By the late 1930s they had been worked for such a considerable distance that the economic position of the colliery became difficult. At one point the colliery closed and in 1940 the Collins Green Colliery Company went into liquidation. However their assets were bought by the Sutton Heath and Lea Green Company who redeveloped the pit. They began working a new seam called the Yard seam and deepened nos.1 and 3 shafts, with diameters of 21 feet and 16 feet respectively, to the Rushy Park horizon and a depth of 918 yards. New sidings were also laid at Bold, a new screening plant was built and tubs of a larger 15 cwt. capacity were introduced.

Between 1907 and 1971 the heroic deeds of miners who endangered their own lives to rescue fellow workers was recognised by the award of the Edward Medal. This was the industrial Victoria Cross and in 1940, Bold miner
Carl Schofield and colliery agent Thomas Jameson were both awarded the Edward Medal (second class). This was for saving five men who were buried in debris as a result of a roof fall. The accident happened on February 14th, 1940, when seven men were relocating a turbine. Without warning a large section of roof collapsed upon them, injuring two of the men and completely burying the other five.

Manager Thomas Jameson was at home but immediately went to Bold Colliery to take charge of the rescue operation. As Carl Schofield arrived at 10pm to begin his night shift, he learnt of the accident and immediately went to the scene. He realised that his father, who'd been on the afternoon shift, was likely to be one of the trapped men. Once fireman
Ernest Hayes was freed he was able to tell the rescuers the approximate location of the other men.

Schofield and Jameson worked non-stop for 28 hours to rescue five men using their bare hands to remove rocks and rubble, as there was no room for a shovel. Speaking in 1971, Carl said the pile of rubble was 35 to 40 feet high. Using a small saw he cut through a conveyor chain, a rail and a beam and two men were brought out at 2am and 3am. There was then another fall that blocked the rescue tunnel.


News cutting on Carl Schofield winner of the Edward Medal and George Cross
News cutting on Carl Schofield winner of the Edward Medal and George Cross - contributed by William Hancock


It took 28 hours to extricate the bodies of Carl's 62-years-old father
Charles Schofield and 40-years-old Richard Shaw. Carl had been a mineworker since 1916 and after his experience, he thought twice about going down the pit again. However he did eventually return to Bold and later transferred to Clock Face Colliery, where he worked until his retirement in 1963. Eight years later, Carl and Thomas Jameson were invited to Buckingham Palace to exchange their Edward Medals for the George Cross.

Bold Power Station
After nationalisation in 1947, the National Coal Board continued to reorganise the pit and it became one of the largest and most modern in the district. A £5.4 million investment, implemented between November 1949 and April 1955, created a new preparation plant, powerhouse, workshops, pit head baths, canteen, medical centre and administrative block. New winding equipment was installed in the three shafts and battery locomotives and mine cars were introduced. From three deep boreholes to the south of Bold colliery, the NCB estimated that there was workable reserves of 61 million tons of coal. As a result of nationalisation, all mines had the quality of their coals graded according to their heat, ash content and freeness of burning. The coal from Bold was rated the best in St.Helens and was awarded high grades of two and three.

From July 1955, Joe Gormley began working at Bold colliery. He became president of the National Union of Mineworkers and in 1983 was made Baron Gormley of Ashton-in-Makerfield.

A fire in Bold with a pall of smoke over the Bold power station's cooling towers
A fire at Travers Farm sends a pall of smoke over the power station's cooling towers - contributed by Jim Lamb

Pasted Graphic 1
The reorganisation of Bold Colliery was completed in 1956 and the colliery was then capable of producing more than 700,000 tons of coal per year. The construction of Bold Power Station adjacent to the colliery was a huge boon to the pit. It was officially opened on September 30th, 1955 and generated electricity for the first time in 1958, initially using 200,000 tons of coal per annum. For nearly thirty years there were five cooling towers but in 1984 two were demolished. This was as a result of high winds that caused a cooling tower at the nearby Fiddlers Ferry power station to collapse. Insurance inspections were subsequently carried out on the five Bold towers and two were discovered to be in a slightly more deteriorated state than the others. They were deemed uninsurable and so were demolished. Photographs of the five towers seem to be rare but can be seen in the background of this photograph taken on May 25th 1980 when 86214 is being hauled through St Helens Junction on its way to the the Rainhill Cavalcade.

Bold Colliery miners
Five Bold Colliery pit deputies pictured during the 1950s - From Left to Right: ?; Arthur Bates; Percy Broughton; Richard Longworth; ? - photograph contributed by Neil Selfridge with identification by Alf Hodkinson


With safety improvements at Bold Colliery, accidents were less frequent but they still occurred. During the 1950s,
Leonard Campbell worked down the colliery as a shot firer. He was brought up in Sutton's Pudding Bag but was now living at 117 Malvern Road, Parr. He had to be invalided out after a back injury and in January 1965 his next door neighbour, Harold Treeby, was killed at Bold as a result of a roof fall.

Bold Colliery in the 1950s
Bold colliery in the 1950s - note Clock Face Colliery in the background and power station cooling tower on the right

Pasted Graphic 16
In 1962 a monorail system to transport the men underground at Bold was introduced and in 1963 the colliery became the first in the country to have an electronic monitoring installation to keep track of all operations.

At a cinema in Cambridge on September 6th, 1965, the chairman of the National Coal Board, Lord Robens, presented a live television broadcast from three-quarters of a mile under Bold colliery. Delegates were shown the new electronic system at Bold and The Times reported that the chairman pressed a switch that stopped a coal conveyor belt two hundred miles away and which was witnessed on screen by the delegates.

An advantage to the colliery was its close proximity to the Liverpool to Manchester main line, permitting easy distribution of its coal stocks. However there were disadvantages in having express trains thundering past the pit and a number of miners lost their lives through walking across the rails (see article
Crossing The Line – Rail Deaths in Old Sutton). On December 29th 1965 there was nearly a major tragedy, when the points for the colliery sidings derailed a passenger train.

The six coach Trans-Pennine express was travelling at 50mph with 70 passengers on board when the partial points failure occurred. The points were controlled by the Bold Colliery Sidings signalbox and the leading coach's wheels were pulled in three directions, one of which was towards the colliery's empties reception siding. Driver
W. Graylish saved the passengers by promptly braking when the train started shuddering and lurching and only minor injuries were received.

Pasted Graphic 1
Bold Colliery had a close proximity to the Liverpool to Manchester line. This picture was taken in 1980 at the Rocket 150 celebrations. Note loco 'Evening Star' and Advanced Passenger Train coaches behind it in the Bold sidings.

Horace Pugh and his team in charge of coal sales at Bold Colliery
In the St.Helens Official Guide and Industrial Handbook of 1973, it was stated that Bold Colliery employed 1500 men and produced about ¾ million tons of coal a year. In 1976 the colliery celebrated its centenary and on August 28th as part of an open day, the public were invited to make a trip underground. Nine hundred people took up the offer to make a 900 yards descent down no.1 shaft.

Other celebrations included whippet racing, Morris dancing, a mining machinery display, brass band and a centenary gala. Alan Houghton was the General Manager at Bold Colliery at the time and he wrote in the centenary programme about the technical progress at the colliery:
Pasted Graphic 1  Picks and shovels were the order of the day when Bold colliery first began production in the 1870s. Today, high powered machines have taken over much of the muscle work out of mining and the miner has become a skilled technician controlling machinery that have cost millions of pounds to install.  Pasted Graphic 3
The band performing at the celebrations was no doubt the Bold Miners' Welfare Band which was formed around 1970 and folded about 1990. They were said to be the last miners' band playing on the Lancashire coal field.

A shift manager at Bold Colliery discussing the days' coal production with fellow miners
A shift manager at Bold Colliery discussing the day's coal production - contributed by Neil Selfridge

In the summer of 1977, the National Coal Board completed a £1 million scheme to improve coal winding facilities at the colliery. It had substantial reserves and was working new areas of coal, especially to the south and north-east of the pit.

Loco Robert
Despite the state-of-the art technology inside the colliery, Bold was proud to be still employing steam locomotives outside. The end of steam on Britain's main line railways had occurred in 1968. However despite dieselisation taking placing in other pits, Bold plugged away with its steam locos. This was largely through the enthusiasm of the men, especially Surface Superintendent Harry Simmons. Harry had worked at Bickershaw Colliery until the mine near Wigan - which was renowned for its steam engines - was dieselised.

Bold's fleet of steam locos consisted of Joseph and Whiston, made by the Hunslet Engine Company and Robert, constructed by Hudswell Clarke. These connected the colliery with Fiddlers Ferry power station. During the Rocket 150 celebrations held at Rainhill in May 1980, numerous preserved locomotives descended on Bold's sidings from all over the country. Just like the old steam shed days at Sutton Oak, the locos were given a temporary home and serviced at Bold. Dieselisation finally took place at the colliery on September 23rd, 1982 and Railway World magazine dubbed it "the effective demise of industrial steam" in Britain.

As of 1980 the colliery employed 1,496 men and had an output of 709,133 tonnes. However, output soon fell and the NCB reported that Bold was making heavy losses. A new strategy that had been outlined in January 1982 to concentrate on three faces was not paying dividends, due to deteriorating roof conditions and faults. The Rushy Park face was stopped in November 1982 which left just two faces to be exploited. With less need for manpower, the labour force was reduced to 1,080 by March 1984 and no.2 shaft was filled and its headgear eliminated.

The Coal Board felt it was not receiving the full support of the men and in a memo to employees dated May 23rd, 1983 criticised levels of punctuality and attendance and the withdrawal of labour through disputes over bonus payments. General Manager
B. Carey added:
Pasted Graphic 1  It is immoral that a small percentage of the men feel that they only need to come to work when the mood is on them.  Pasted Graphic 3
Pasted Graphic 1
Like many other pits, the 1984/5 strike badly affected the workforce at Bold colliery. It became the first Lancashire pit to join the national strike with workers first downing tools on March 13th, 1984 after pickets arrived from Yorkshire. Relations with the police were highly strained with a number of violent clashes, especially on the August Bank Holiday Monday of 1984 when five strike-breakers first went past picket lines. Upon their second day at work, one of their wives was telephoned by a man purporting to be an official who claimed that her husband had been seriously injured in the colliery. It was described by the coal board as a "cruel and nasty hoax".

Coaches were laid on to take workers into the colliery, although a number had their windows smashed by pickets. A report in The Times of September 28th, 1984 said that a red snooker ball had broken a window of a coach carrying miners into Bold colliery, slightly injuring one man through flying glass. Then on January 18th, 1985, The Times reported that a strike-breaking miner was nearly blinded after a stone struck his coach.

There were a large number of arrests. Two French film-makers Dominique Masson and Anne Marie Poupon made a one-hour film La Dernière Grevè, which sympathetically documented the struggles of the Bold colliery miners and their wives. The film claimed that there were a total of 7000 arrests locally during the strike. Les Huckfield, the Labour MEP for Merseyside East, was a prominent campaigner on behalf of Bold miners and in September 1984 he was arrested for obstruction outside Bold power station although he was cleared at St.Helens Magistrates Court.

After ten months despite a drift back to work, 78% of the miners were still striking, although the pit was deteriorating badly. As early as June 5th, the Bold colliery management had declared that most coal faces were "in trouble...We need every man back at the pit".

Picture showing the close proximity of Bold Colliery and Bold Power station
Picture showing the close proximity of Bold colliery and Bold Power station - contributed by Neil Selfridge


The strike didn't end until March 1985 and in October of that year, the National Coal Board announced that they intended to close Bold colliery by the following March. They claimed that the pit had lost £3 million since the strike and a total of £22 million over three years. The Times of October 14th, 1985 reported that the National Union of Mineworkers would fight the closure plans. However, upon discovering that this would not include a ballot on industrial action, the miners held a lightning strike on October 23rd as a protest.

Aerial photograph taken around 1990 after the colliery demolition showing Bold Power station
Aerial photograph taken around 1990 after the colliery's demolition showing Bold Power station - contributed by Neil Selfridge

The closure led to 811 mine workers losing their jobs and it's been claimed that 500 supply workers lost theirs too. On March 26th, 1987, the reinforced concrete headgear that towered 150 foot over the no. 1 shaft was brought crashing to the ground, following a similar fate that had befallen nos. 2 and 3 headgears. The destruction was televised and shown on regional television and the neighbouring Bold Power Station closed in 1991.


Pit head wheel on the site of the former Bold Colliery
Pit head wheel on the site of the former Bold colliery photographed in 2009 - contributed by Neil Selfridge


Neil Selfridge, who has a great interest in the mining history of St.Helens, has contributed the above photograph and writes:

Pasted Graphic 1  This picture was taken by myself in the summer of last year, when the site was redeveloped as a nature reserve. A pit head wheel was put in place as a reminder of the site's heritage. Apart from the three capped shafts, this is all that is left to show people what the site was.  Pasted Graphic 3

Capped shaft number 3 at the former site of Bold Colliery
Capped shaft number 3 at the former site of Bold colliery - contributed by Neil Selfridge

Round About The Pits by Frank Bamber

Research sources for this page include 'Round About The Pits' by Frank Bamber; 'Colliery Scrap Book 1 - Accidents and Incidents in St.Helens Collieries' compiled by Ian Winstanley; Railway Magazine article (April 1983) 'Bold: The End' by Brian Dobbs and Bob Avery plus numerous newspaper reports from the Liverpool Mercury, Times etc.
If you can provide any further information and/or photographs of Bold colliery or Bold Power Station, please do get in touch. Thank you.

Extracts and images from
'Round About The Pits' by Frank Bamber is courtesy Sutton Historic Society. Click Here to download this 116-page .pdf publication (11.5 mb) which was described by the author as: "Being a series of recollections and stories from the old pits of St.Helens and the surrounding areas, with particular reference to Collins Green and Bold Collieries and the role of the Bamber family" - thanks to Simon Speight and Sutton Historic Society for their assistance in making it publicly available.
Next:  Part 16)  Industry in Sutton;     |     Research Sources
Copyright Notice / Factual Accuracy Statement

Stephen Wainwright
This website has been written and researched and many images photographed by the Sutton Beauty & Heritage site owner, Stephen Wainwright. All rights are reserved but my pictures and text content can be re-used for non-commercial use. High resolution versions of my own photographs can be supplied at no charge. Other images are used for heritage and educational purposes and are believed to be in the public domain. This site takes a responsible attitude to copyright and, where appropriate, I endeavour to obtain permission from rights holders. This is not always possible and you are encouraged to contact me via the contact page if you require accreditation for the use of any photograph or to discuss any issue.

Sutton Beauty & Heritage strives for factual accuracy at all times. Please do also get in touch if you believe that there are any errors, with details of any corrections contained within the site's update history page, which also details the regular updates. Many individuals from all over the world have kindly contributed Sutton information and photographs. If you would like to participate in this project, I would be delighted to hear from you and this website always credits any assistance given. Do also consider contributing any recollections of old Sutton that you might have for the Sutton Memories pages, which are proving very popular. I respond quickly to emails and if you haven't received a response within 12 hours, do check your junk mail folder or send your message again. Thank you!  SRW