An Illustrated History of Old Sutton in St.Helens
Part 15 (of 58) - Bold colliery (1881
- 1986)
Researched
& Written by Stephen
Wainwright ©MMXI
Contact Me 
Bold colliery from
Frank Bamber's recollections 'Round About The Pits'
contributed by Sutton Historic
Society
The pit was located off Bold Lane and the sinking of its
shafts first began during the early 1870s. Sinking a new
mine was a perilous business and one mistake could prove
fatal.
Charles Jones,
aged 23 years, was the first man officially recorded killed
on the site when, in January 1875, he was struck on the
head by a winch handle. In June 1875, a second fatal
sinking accident occurred when 20-years-old
engineman
John Ryan
fell nearly 200 feet down the pit after repairing a pumping
engine.
By 1875, no.1 shaft with a diameter of 12 feet had been
sunk to 607 yards and no.2 shaft with a diameter of 16ft 6
inches had been sunk 200 yards. Later that year after
£57,000 had been spent, operations were abandoned due to
flooding. However, in 1878 the
Collins Green Colliery Company
bought the plant and extended the no.2 shaft to match
no.1's depth of 607 yards.

During May 1886, four men suffered serious injuries from an explosion while shaft sinking at Bold. The colliery manager Andrew Jackson sent for Sutton GP Edward Casey, who had a surgery on the corner of Junction Lane and Peckers Hill Road. However, the men were employed by a contractor and not directly by the Collins Green Colliery Company. So when Dr. Casey sent his bill for £14 12 shillings to the company for treating the injured men, they refused to pay. Dr. Casey took legal action against the colliery company and on March 9th, 1887, at a second hearing in St.Helens County Court, the judge somewhat reluctantly found for the medic.
The price of digging coal out of the former Bold Hall estate continued to include loss of human life. On August 20th, 1887, James Rigby, who lived at 76, Normans Road, Sutton, was crushed to death by the wagons that he was taking down the pit. Then on September 16th, 1887, 15-years-old pony driver Thomas Rigby lost his young life when loaded tubs ran over him. 1887 was an especially bad year for accidents at Bold. In November, 26-years-old collier John Williams died at home after rupturing his spleen in the pit putting a box back onto the rails. He hadn't bothered to report the accident to colliery officials or to G.P. Dr. Casey, whose first involvement in Williams' case was in undertaking his post-mortem.
Then on February 11th, 1888, 45-year-old blacksmith William Storey was helping to install a new cage when he fell down the pit and was instantly killed. During the afternoon of Thursday 16th October, 1890, 36-year-old Robert Lewis of 414 Watery Lane, Sutton was crushed by a stone that fell on his back from the pit roof. He was taken to his home and died at midnight. His inquest was held at the Vulcan Inn the following Monday where no blame was apportioned. Mr. Hall, the government inspector, had found the place where the accident happened had been well timbered with props. This wasn't always the case with insufficient supports costing the lives of a number of men at Bold and at 8pm on November 10th, 1890, 33-years-old tunneller Hugh Jones was instantly killed by a roof fall and another man severely injured.

Bold colliery
which had its first shafts sunk in the 1870s and closed in
1986 - contributed by Sutton Historic Society
In
1890, the sinking of shaft no.3 began and this was
completed to a depth of 617 yards by 1892. By that year,
the height of the headgears for all three shafts was
recorded as being 60 feet and it was also stated that the
Collins Green Colliery Company had constructed 100 workers'
cottages at Burtonwood with 54 more being built. A social
club had also been established which had 100 members of
which "Every endeavour is made to provide means of
recreation and to give interest and employment to the
mind"-
(Colliery Guardian 23/12/1892
- Colliery Scrap Book 1 'Accidents and Incidents in
St.Helens Collieries' by Ian Winstanley)
Health
and safety during the nineteenth century was, of course,
nowhere near as strict as today. However, there were
certain rules that had to obeyed and drinking in the
mine was taboo. In April 1891,
Richard Houghton,
John Riley
and a man called
Tickle
were each fined between five and 40 shillings for drinking
in the engine house at Bold colliery.

Two pictures of
Andrew Jackson who was an early manager of Bold Colliery -
contributed by
Martin Heys
Not every death at mines was inside the pit itself, with a
number of men killed on the railways that served them. At
7pm on the evening of Saturday 10th October, 1891,
31-years-old surface labourer
James Spencer
of 45 Peckers Hill Road, Sutton lost his life. He was
crushed to death between the buffers of two wagons in the
sidings of Bold colliery whilst unloading bricks. Six days
later
James France
also lost his life while unloading bricks from railway
wagons in a colliery siding. On the 25th September, 1892,
56-years-old
Peter Woods
received internal injuries while cutting a sleeper and
later died.
The number of boys who sacrificed their lives at Bold
colliery was especially tragic. On January 9th 1893,
15-years-old
Edward Parry
became the second youngster to be killed at Bold colliery.
He was the son of collier
William Parry
of 5 Rolling Mill Lane, Sutton and they were working
together in the Florida Mine when a large stone detached
itself from the roof and struck Edward. A similar tragedy
occurred on November 23rd 1894 when 43-years-old
packer
John Griffith
was crushed by a stone from the roof.

On September 2nd, 1895, 36-years-old Thomas Burke (one report called him Murphy) and 43-years-old William Hughes, who lodged together at 21, Rolling Mill Lane, were crushed to death by a "tremendous quantity of stones and dirt" which had come adrift from the pit roof of the Florida Mine. The Liverpool Mercury's report of the 3rd September said that Burke's body had been "early extricated, but the unfortunate man had been terribly crushed, and life was extinct."
It took two hours to dig out Hughes's body as the fall of stones had been so great. The two friends had only started working at Bold some three or four days earlier and at their inquest, the jury and coroner called for a legal requirement for officials to visit work persons more than once during each shift. Coroner Sam Brighouse pointed out the large number of fatalities through roof falls and how the law only required employers to make timber available to the miners so they could prop up roofs. The obligation was on the worker to keep himself safe and not the employer.
Three months later on December 6th, 28-years-old William Jones of 13 Junction Lane was killed by another roof fall while creating a roadway down the mine. Then on May 27th 1896, John Smallshaw, the 48-years-old surface manager at Bold colliery, died in St.Helens Hospital from injuries sustained nine days earlier. Smallshaw, who lived at Bold Villas at St.Helens Junction, had been inspecting a new engine house when he missed his foothold and fell eighteen feet. He landed on his head and also damaged his spine. On January 3rd 1896, 40-years-old day wageman John Jones was crushed to death by a roof fall and on May 1st of that year, 50-years-old engine wright John Smallshaw was fatally injured after he'd fallen while working on a new fan house.
By now the Collins Green Colliery Company were taking a more proactive approach to health and safety and on March 9th, 1897 it took three of its own workers to court for separate breaches of its rules. Shot lighter William Cartledge of Mansfield Street, Sutton, was summoned for not putting up a danger board and fencing off an area. This was after a 'shot' - an electrically-triggered high explosive - had misfired on January 12th. For that he was fined £2 in the St.Helens Police Court. Some time later an accident occurred when Robert Jones attempted to unram the misfired shot and he was very badly injured. Despite his injuries, Jones was prosecuted as a warning to others and fined £1. Robert Hughes of Watery Lane was also summoned for having matches down Bold Colliery and he was fined £1.

On November 2nd, 1898, collier 48-years-old Samuel Jones of Penny Lane, Collins Green was killed in no.3 pit of Bold colliery by a stone of more than two tons that fell from the roof.
On February 20th, 1899 there was a dreadful accident in which 16-years-old James Thompson, 27-years-old William Donnellan and 23-years-old Philip Foggerty all lost their lives and two men were injured. The tragedy was caused by a couple of wagons that broke loose from the endless rope haulage which then triggered a roof fall. Although help was quickly at hand, it took over an hour to extricate the three men who were all found to be dead. Their bodies were removed to the Clock Face Inn where an adjourned inquest was held. It continued in Farnsworth, where Mr. Hall, the government inspector commented that generally he did not feel that the colliery owners maintained a high standard of safety.

Close up of the
headgear - contributed by Sutton Historic Society - from
Frank Bamber's 'Round About The
Pits'
On Sunday May 7th, 1899, 20-years-old
Henry Rigby
of 102, Normans Road, Sutton told his father John that he
didn't want to go to work as he feared falling down the new
shaft. On Monday the pumpman did exactly that, plummeting
75 feet into 12 feet of water and was dead when removed. He
had been expected to work on a platform measuring 7 feet by
2 feet 6 inches with no safety fencing. At Rigby's inquest
on the 12th,
Mr. Matthews,
the government inspector, recommended that a fence should
be put around the platform, which was a bit too late for
Henry Rigby.
On March, 21st, 1901, 21-years-old labourer
William Blackmore
fell down the shaft at midnight when putting a water tank
into the cage. Then on February 10th, 1902,
45-years-old
John McGrath
was crushed to death. On September 30th, 1902, 33-years-old
collier
Joseph Jones
was killed coming up the endless rope haulage and was found
between a bar.
On January 20th, 1903 in the no.3 pit, 26-years-old
collier
Charles Doherty
was fatally injured when he was crushed against a wall. Two
months later on March 19th, 31-years-old
Joseph Horsley
was killed when he was struck by a haulage rope after three
tubs fell out of the cage and struck the rope. A fortnight
later on April 4th, 24-years-old
Robert Williams
lost his life in no.2 pit when a stone fell on him. Then on
June 14th 1904, 26-years-old sinker
Philip Lennon
was fatally injured and on September 23rd an overturned tub
killed 15-years-old pony driver
James Jones
of Frederick Street, Sutton.

The ascending cage went up into the headgear and the top of the engine house was demolished. Sutton's medical men, Dr. Bates and Dr. Casey plus Dr. Jackson and Dr. Tough arrived at Bold colliery as the fourteen injured men were brought to the surface. Nine were seriously hurt and they were taken by colliery ambulance and Dr. Bates’s car to St. Helens Cottage Hospital. The dead were John McHenry, Thomas Rothwell and John Caveney who were just 14-years-old, plus 15-years-old Evan Davies and 24-years-old John Swift. The inquest was held first at the Clock Face Inn before continuing at St.Helens Town Hall where no blame was attached to the unfortunate winder. Within a few weeks of the tragedy, two more youngsters died at Bold colliery. 16-years-old James Smart and 17-years-old James Monoghan, both haulage hands, were killed on February 20th in no.3 pit by a large roof fall. Then on April 17th, 1905, 57-years-old collier Richard Dixon suffered internal injuries in no.3 pit. He was injured by falling against the tub that he was pushing and he died three days later. On October 10th, 1905, 52-years-old collier William Taylor died at no.2 pit when a stone from the roof fell on him.
On January 31st, 1906, 42-years-old packer James Rigby died in St. Helens hospital of blood poisoning after injuring his thumb two weeks earlier lifting a stone. Nine days later, 59-years-old collier Thomas Whalley was killed at the no.3 pit after a roof fall. In November 1906, John Carter of Morris Street in Sutton died in hospital after being struck by a box that had gone off the rails. However, it was revealed at his inquest that he had an underlying medical condition, although his injuries accelerated his demise. On March 14th, 1907, labourer, George Sharps, of 108, Herbert Street, Sutton, was run over by a locomotive. Six weeks later on April 26th in no.2 pit, 44-years-old collier David Leyland caught his knee with a pick. Blood poisoning set in but he continued working until May 7th and died a few days later.
On September 5th, 1907, 23-years-old drawer Joseph Fairhurst was fatally injured after being crushed in the no. 1 pit. Then on December 15th, 1907, 63-years-old Peter Ellison died in St.Helens Hospital from injuries received after being struck by a large stone. Yet another roof fall occurred on January 27th, 1908 after an explosive 'shot' had been fired and 30-years-old contractor Patrick Regan was killed.
Tough miners would often continue to work after injuring themselves which sometimes cost them their lives. 35-years-old collier William Saxon slipped down a landing in the no.2 pit on May 18th, 1910 and injured himself. He complained of pain in his leg and groin but carried on working until November when he died from a malignant tumour in the hip joint.
On December 30th, 1910, John Kearney aged 29-years-old died after an accident on November 19th when going to pull up a sleeper to lay rails in a roadway. On January 10th, 1914, 20-years-old haulage hand John Garner was killed after being buried under a stone after a shot firer had neglected to check that the area was clear. Then on March 30th of that year, Robert Lee was fatally injured by a roof fall.

'Robert' one of
three locos - contributed by Sutton Historic Society - from
Frank Bamber's 'Round About The
Pits'
On
June 27th, 1912,
Samuel Copeland
a 16-years-old haulage hand was killed in the no.1 pit when
10 tons of metal fell on him. 70-years-old brow hand
Louis Helsby
was killed on March 20th, 1913
(possibly 1923)
when he fell twenty-two feet as he attempted to lift a
tub.
John Mather,
an 18-years-old haulage hand, was crushed to death against
the roof on May 10th, 1913 and 50-years-old
George Green
was fatally crushed by a roof fall on August 26th, 1914.
Robert
Leigh
aged 30-years-old was also fatally injured by a roof fall
on March 30th, 1914. Then on December 16th, 1916,
16-years-old
Fred Hilton
was crushed between boxes of coal. However, he failed to
report the accident and went home telling his parents that
his legs hurt. He didn't seek medical attention until two
days later and died in hospital from blood
poisoning.

On February 17th 1921, fireman Henry Worthington and John Prescott died at Bold as a result of yet another roof fall. 52-years-old Henry lived at 7 Garnet Street in Sutton with wife Mary and family. The cold statistics of mining accidents belie the family tragedies which had enormous personal as well as financial consequences for the widows and children. This photograph was taken at the rear of 7 Garnet Street in happier times, with Mary Worthington standing at the rear by daughter Martha Prescott and her grandchildren.
It was reported in a Mine Inspector’s Report of 1923 that three persons met their deaths at Bold while riding on tubs although no details are known. On June 5th, 1924, 60-years-old Ralph Thompson was killed by a roof fall that weighed about two tons and on September 27th, 1924, Joseph Morris aged 50 years was killed by runaway boxes. Also in 1924, engineer John Webster went down the mine to remedy a problem but failed to allow his eyes to adjust to the dark and consequently walked into the spokes of return pulleys and was killed. Surprisingly, the job of notifying relatives that a mineworker had met with a serious accident was not undertaken by senior management or by a police officer but by a boy apprentice. Frank Bamber was employed at Bold colliery from 1924 to 1942, initially as an apprentice joiner, and for three years was given that unpleasant task to undertake:
Facilities for the workers at Bold colliery at this time were very basic as Frank Bamber recollected in his book 'Round About The Pits' :

Between 1907 and 1971 the heroic deeds of miners who endangered their own lives to rescue fellow workers was recognised by the award of the Edward Medal. This was the industrial Victoria Cross and in 1940, Bold miner Carl Schofield and colliery agent Thomas Jameson were both awarded the Edward Medal (second class). This was for saving five men who were buried in debris as a result of a roof fall. The accident happened on February 14th, 1940, when seven men were relocating a turbine. Without warning a large section of roof collapsed upon them, injuring two of the men and completely burying the other five.
Manager Thomas Jameson was at home but immediately went to Bold Colliery to take charge of the rescue operation. As Carl Schofield arrived at 10pm to begin his night shift, he learnt of the accident and immediately went to the scene. He realised that his father, who'd been on the afternoon shift, was likely to be one of the trapped men. Once fireman Ernest Hayes was freed he was able to tell the rescuers the approximate location of the other men.
Schofield and Jameson worked non-stop for 28 hours to rescue five men using their bare hands to remove rocks and rubble, as there was no room for a shovel. Speaking in 1971, Carl said the pile of rubble was 35 to 40 feet high. Using a small saw he cut through a conveyor chain, a rail and a beam and two men were brought out at 2am and 3am. There was then another fall that blocked the rescue tunnel.

News cutting on
Carl Schofield winner of the Edward Medal and George Cross
- contributed by William Hancock
It took 28 hours to extricate the bodies of Carl's
62-years-old father
Charles Schofield
and 40-years-old
Richard Shaw.
Carl had been a mineworker since 1916 and after his
experience, he thought twice about going down the pit
again. However he did eventually return to Bold and later
transferred to Clock Face Colliery, where he worked until
his retirement in 1963. Eight years later, Carl and Thomas
Jameson were invited to Buckingham Palace to exchange their
Edward Medals for the George Cross.

From July 1955, Joe Gormley began working at Bold colliery. He became president of the National Union of Mineworkers and in 1983 was made Baron Gormley of Ashton-in-Makerfield.

A fire at Travers Farm sends a pall of
smoke over the power station's cooling towers -
contributed by Jim Lamb


Five Bold Colliery
pit deputies pictured during the 1950s - From Left to
Right: ?; Arthur Bates; Percy Broughton; Richard Longworth;
? - photograph contributed by Neil Selfridge with
identification by Alf Hodkinson
With safety improvements at Bold Colliery, accidents were
less frequent but they still occurred. During the
1950s,
Leonard Campbell
worked down the colliery as a shot firer. He was brought up
in Sutton's
Pudding Bag
but was now living at 117 Malvern Road, Parr. He had to be
invalided out after a back injury and in January 1965 his
next door neighbour,
Harold Treeby,
was killed at Bold as a result of a roof fall.

Bold colliery in
the 1950s - note Clock Face Colliery in the background and
power station cooling tower on the right

At a cinema in Cambridge on September 6th, 1965, the chairman of the National Coal Board, Lord Robens, presented a live television broadcast from three-quarters of a mile under Bold colliery. Delegates were shown the new electronic system at Bold and The Times reported that the chairman pressed a switch that stopped a coal conveyor belt two hundred miles away and which was witnessed on screen by the delegates.
An advantage to the colliery was its close proximity to the Liverpool to Manchester main line, permitting easy distribution of its coal stocks. However there were disadvantages in having express trains thundering past the pit and a number of miners lost their lives through walking across the rails (see article Crossing The Line – Rail Deaths in Old Sutton). On December 29th 1965 there was nearly a major tragedy, when the points for the colliery sidings derailed a passenger train.
The six coach Trans-Pennine express was travelling at 50mph with 70 passengers on board when the partial points failure occurred. The points were controlled by the Bold Colliery Sidings signalbox and the leading coach's wheels were pulled in three directions, one of which was towards the colliery's empties reception siding. Driver W. Graylish saved the passengers by promptly braking when the train started shuddering and lurching and only minor injuries were received.
Bold Colliery had a
close proximity to the Liverpool to Manchester line. This
picture was taken in 1980 at the Rocket 150 celebrations.
Note loco 'Evening Star' and Advanced Passenger Train
coaches behind it in the Bold sidings.

Other celebrations included whippet racing, Morris dancing, a mining machinery display, brass band and a centenary gala. Alan Houghton was the General Manager at Bold Colliery at the time and he wrote in the centenary programme about the technical progress at the colliery:

A shift manager at
Bold Colliery discussing the day's coal production -
contributed by Neil Selfridge
In the summer of 1977, the National Coal Board completed a £1 million scheme to improve coal winding facilities at the colliery. It had substantial reserves and was working new areas of coal, especially to the south and north-east of the pit.

Bold's fleet of steam locos consisted of Joseph and Whiston, made by the Hunslet Engine Company and Robert, constructed by Hudswell Clarke. These connected the colliery with Fiddlers Ferry power station. During the Rocket 150 celebrations held at Rainhill in May 1980, numerous preserved locomotives descended on Bold's sidings from all over the country. Just like the old steam shed days at Sutton Oak, the locos were given a temporary home and serviced at Bold. Dieselisation finally took place at the colliery on September 23rd, 1982 and Railway World magazine dubbed it "the effective demise of industrial steam" in Britain.
As of 1980 the colliery employed 1,496 men and had an output of 709,133 tonnes. However, output soon fell and the NCB reported that Bold was making heavy losses. A new strategy that had been outlined in January 1982 to concentrate on three faces was not paying dividends, due to deteriorating roof conditions and faults. The Rushy Park face was stopped in November 1982 which left just two faces to be exploited. With less need for manpower, the labour force was reduced to 1,080 by March 1984 and no.2 shaft was filled and its headgear eliminated.
The Coal Board felt it was not receiving the full support of the men and in a memo to employees dated May 23rd, 1983 criticised levels of punctuality and attendance and the withdrawal of labour through disputes over bonus payments. General Manager B. Carey added:

Coaches were laid on to take workers into the colliery, although a number had their windows smashed by pickets. A report in The Times of September 28th, 1984 said that a red snooker ball had broken a window of a coach carrying miners into Bold colliery, slightly injuring one man through flying glass. Then on January 18th, 1985, The Times reported that a strike-breaking miner was nearly blinded after a stone struck his coach.
There were a large number of arrests. Two French film-makers Dominique Masson and Anne Marie Poupon made a one-hour film La Dernière Grevè, which sympathetically documented the struggles of the Bold colliery miners and their wives. The film claimed that there were a total of 7000 arrests locally during the strike. Les Huckfield, the Labour MEP for Merseyside East, was a prominent campaigner on behalf of Bold miners and in September 1984 he was arrested for obstruction outside Bold power station although he was cleared at St.Helens Magistrates Court.
After ten months despite a drift back to work, 78% of the miners were still striking, although the pit was deteriorating badly. As early as June 5th, the Bold colliery management had declared that most coal faces were "in trouble...We need every man back at the pit".

Picture showing
the close proximity of Bold colliery and Bold Power station
- contributed by Neil Selfridge
The
strike didn't end until March 1985 and in October of that
year, the National Coal Board announced that they intended
to close Bold colliery by the following March. They claimed
that the pit had lost £3 million since the strike and a
total of £22 million over three years. The Times of October
14th, 1985 reported that the National Union of Mineworkers
would fight the closure plans. However, upon discovering
that this would not include a ballot on industrial action,
the miners held a lightning strike on October 23rd as a
protest.

Aerial photograph
taken around 1990 after the colliery's demolition showing
Bold Power station - contributed by Neil
Selfridge
The closure led to 811 mine workers losing their jobs and
it's been claimed that 500 supply workers lost theirs too.
On March 26th, 1987, the reinforced concrete headgear that
towered 150 foot over the no. 1 shaft was brought crashing
to the ground, following a similar fate that had befallen
nos. 2 and 3 headgears. The destruction was televised and
shown on regional television and the neighbouring Bold
Power Station closed in 1991.

Pit head wheel on the site of the former Bold colliery
photographed in 2009 - contributed by Neil Selfridge
Neil
Selfridge,
who has a great interest in the mining history of
St.Helens, has contributed the above photograph and
writes:

Capped shaft
number 3 at the former site of Bold colliery - contributed
by Neil Selfridge
Extracts and images from 'Round About The Pits' by Frank Bamber is courtesy Sutton Historic Society. Click Here to download this 116-page .pdf publication (11.5 mb) which was described by the author as: "Being a series of recollections and stories from the old pits of St.Helens and the surrounding areas, with particular reference to Collins Green and Bold Collieries and the role of the Bamber family" - thanks to Simon Speight and Sutton Historic Society for their assistance in making it publicly available.

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